What is HPV virus and how to treat it
In recent years, HPV (human papillomavirus) infection and related diseases have become a hot topic of public concern. With the improvement of health awareness, more and more people are paying attention to the transmission, prevention and treatment of HPV virus. This article will provide a detailed explanation of the definition, transmission routes, symptoms, treatment and preventive measures of the HPV virus, and will provide you with comprehensive answers based on popular discussions on the Internet in the past 10 days.
1. What is HPV virus?
HPV (Human Papillomavirus) is a common sexually transmitted virus. There are currently more than 200 known subtypes, about 40 of which can infect the genital area. Based on cancer risk, HPV is divided intoHigh risk typeandlow risk:
| HPV types | Representative subtype | Related diseases |
|---|---|---|
| High risk type | 16, 18, 31, 33, etc. | Cervical cancer, anal cancer, oropharyngeal cancer |
| low risk | 6, 11, etc. | Genital warts, common warts |
According to the World Health Organization, 80% of women are infected with HPV at least once in their lives, but most infections can be cleared by their own immune systems.
2. HPV transmission routes
HPV is mainly spread through the following ways:
1.Sexual contact transmission: Including vaginal, anal and oral sex.
2.mother-to-child transmission: May be transmitted to baby during delivery.
3.indirect contact: Sharing towels, bathing utensils, etc. may spread low-risk HPV.
3. Symptoms of HPV infection
Most people infected with HPV have no obvious symptoms, but some may have the following symptoms:
| Type of infection | Common symptoms |
|---|---|
| High-risk HPV | Usually asymptomatic, long-term infection may lead to precancerous changes |
| Low-risk HPV | Genital warts, skin warts, itching or discomfort |
4. Treatment of HPV
Currently, there is no specific drug for HPV, and treatment mainly targets the lesions caused by the virus:
| Lesion type | Treatment |
|---|---|
| genital warts | Freezing, laser, topical drugs (such as imiquimod) |
| cervical precancerous lesions | LEEP conization, cryotherapy |
| HPV related cancers | Comprehensive treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy |
5. HPV preventive measures
Key measures to prevent HPV infection include:
1.Get HPV vaccine: Currently domestically approved vaccines include bivalent, quadrivalent and nine-valent vaccines, which can prevent high-risk HPV infection.
2.safe sex: Using condoms reduces the risk of infection.
3.Regular screening: Women are recommended to undergo regular cervical cancer screening (TCT+HPV testing).
6. Recent hot discussions
Hot topics about HPV in the past 10 days include:
1. The nine-valent HPV vaccine has been extended to women aged 9-45, triggering a vaccination craze.
2. The rate of HPV infection in men is increasing, and experts call on men to also be vaccinated.
3. New HPV treatment drugs have entered the clinical trial stage, causing concern.
Summary
Although HPV infection is common, the harm can be effectively reduced through scientific prevention and early intervention. It is recommended that people of appropriate age should be vaccinated and maintain good living habits and awareness of regular physical examinations. If you find suspected symptoms, you should seek medical examination in time.
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