What are black stones
Recently, discussions about “black stones” have attracted widespread attention on social media and health forums. Many netizens shared their own experiences or those of their relatives and friends, and asked about the causes, dangers and treatment methods of this special stone. This article will combine the hot content on the Internet in the past 10 days to provide you with a detailed analysis of the relevant knowledge of black stones.
1. Definition and characteristics of black stones
Black stones are a rare type of gallstones or urinary tract stones that are dark black or brown-black in color and are significantly different from common yellow or brown stones. According to medical literature, the main components of black stones include:
| Element | Proportion | Common sites of occurrence |
|---|---|---|
| Calcium bilirubin | 40-70% | gallbladder |
| cholesterol | 10-30% | Gallbladder/Kidney |
| calcium phosphate | 15-25% | kidney/ureter |
2. Analysis of hot topics on the entire network
By sorting through social media data in the past 10 days, we found that the three major issues that netizens are most concerned about are:
1.Are black stones more dangerous?Medical experts say there is no direct correlation between color and risk, but black stones tend to be harder and may make treatment more difficult.
2.Which groups are prone to black stones?High-risk groups include: patients with liver cirrhosis, people with long-term anemia, and people with high-fat diets.
3.How are the symptoms different from traditional stones?The clinical presentation is similar, but some patients report more severe pain.
| platform | Number of discussions (times) | main focus |
|---|---|---|
| 12,500+ | disease prevention | |
| Zhihu | 3,200+ | Pathological mechanism |
| Tik Tok | 8,700+ | Surgical treatment video |
3. The latest diagnosis and treatment plan
According to the latest clinical guidelines from tertiary hospitals, the treatment of black stones needs to follow the following principles:
1.Diameter <5mm:It is recommended to use drug-based stone dissolving treatment. Commonly used drugs include ursodeoxycholic acid, etc.
2.Diameter 5-15mm:Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is the first choice.
3.Diameter＞15mm:Minimally invasive surgery is required, and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is currently recommended.
4. Preventive measures
Based on the advice of nutrition experts, you should do the following to prevent black stones:
| measure | Implementation points | Effect |
|---|---|---|
| diet modification | Drink water >2L daily, limit animal offal | Reduce risk by 35% |
| exercise habits | 150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise per week | Promote metabolism |
| Regular inspection | Annual abdominal B-ultrasound examination | Early detection rate increased by 60% |
5. Expert reminder
Li Ming, chief physician of the Hepatobiliary Surgery Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, emphasized: "Although black stones are visually worrying, patients do not need to panic excessively. The key is to clarify the composition and location of the stones through formal examination and formulate a personalized treatment plan. The 'folk stone removal method' recently circulated on the Internet has safety risks and must be treated with caution."
With the advancement of medical technology, 90% of stone cases can currently be solved through minimally invasive surgery. If you find that you have related symptoms, it is recommended to go to a regular hospital in time to avoid delaying the best time for treatment.
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